Along with two counselor education students, we worked together to adapt the bystander intervention component of the Bully-Proofing Your School comprehensive school safety program to develop the STAC training and strategies. Thus, school counselors can benefit from programs that are more accessible in terms of cost and time allocation, and that establish school counselors as leaders in program implementation.Ī local school counselor reached out to me in 2013 as the faculty adviser for the Boise State University Counselors for Social Justice student group to help implement a bullying intervention program that wouldn’t place a high demand on her school in terms of time or financial resources. Furthermore, these programs can be difficult to implement because of their related cost and required time allocation. However, meta-analyses and outcome studies evaluating the efficacy of comprehensive, schoolwide interventions show that the results, though generally favorable, remain mixed overall. How school counselors can make a differenceĬomprehensive, schoolwide intervention programs are considered a standard for practice in bullying intervention. Therefore, it is important for counselors to be able to identify bullying in its various forms and to be aware of how participating in or observing bullying can clinically manifest in the lives of clients. In fact, in some instances, bystanders report greater problems than do the students who are directly involved. Students who observe bullying as bystanders also experience problems themselves, including emotional distress and substance use. The negative consequences of bullying are far-reaching, however, and go beyond those students who are directly involved either as bullies or targets. On the other hand, students who are targets of bullying can experience negative emotional states, increased rates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, and problems related to academic performance and school attendance. For example, students who bully others are more likely to have issues related to substance use in adolescence and other problems later in life related to criminal behavior, violence and disruptive behaviors. These negative ramifications can occur for all individuals involved in bullying, including students who bully, students who are targets and students who are bystanders. In addition to being able to identify bullying, it is important for counselors to understand the potential short-term and long-term ramifications associated with bullying. Finally, cyberbullying utilizes electronic media such as email, social media or texting to intentionally harm another student. Relational bullying includes indirect attempts to damage the target’s reputation by spreading rumors, ignoring the target or telling others not to be friends with the target. Verbal bullying includes verbal statements such as name-calling, teasing or making threats. It can also involve taking or damaging another student’s property. Physical bullying includes any type of physical assault on the target such as hitting, spitting, pushing or kicking. Generally, researchers classify bullying behaviors into four categories: physical, verbal, relational and cyberbullying. The literature defines bullying as intentional, unwanted and aggressive behavior that is often repeated in relationships with a perceived power differential. To address bullying at school, counselors first have to be able to identify it. Therefore, it is important for counselors to be intentional about addressing bullying at school and when working with clients. Have been involved in bullying as bystanders. In addition, bullying is a social phenomenon that often occurs in the presence of a peer audience, so most students Department of Education, approximately 25 percent of students between the ages of 12 and 18 report being bullied at school. According to national data in 2015 from the U.S. Bullying is a major problem today that affects individuals of all backgrounds.
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